Philologia

Satira u pripovetkama Radoja Domanovića

Jelena Ognjenović — 2024-12-24

By analyzing four representative short stories by Radoje Domanović (Leader, The Stigma, Abolition of Passions, and Dead Sea), the paper marks some of the critical points of his entire poetics and, generally, presents the era of Serbian realism. Placing Domanović’s allegorical and satirical methods in the epicenter of the realist period depicts the sociopolitical proscenium of Serbia at the time and the criticized ruling system (of the Obrenović Dynasty and the Serbian Radical Party headed by Pašić), striving to pinpoint and, in as much detail as possible, examine the state’s “ailments” – the material in Domanović’s satires. Each of the above short stories marks one key point – the parabolic nature of the Leader, the carnivalization potential in The Stigma, the religious subtext of the Abolition of Passions, and the novelistic episodic nature of the Dead Sea – to indicate the wide range of Domanović’s writerly undertones.

Logoreja u pesničkoj zbirci Branislava Petrovića Moć govora

Jelena Marinkov — 2024-12-24

In medical terminology, the word ”logorrhea” denotes a disorder of excessive and uncontrolled talking, while in everyday speech it is often used as a synonym for talkativeness or chatter. In this paper, we have tried to indicate the meaning of the logorrheic principle in Branislav Petrovic’s first poetry collection. Given that the term was also used in ancient philosophy to denote the speech of matter, which only sages can hear, we have determined whether Petrovic privileges the position of the poet by using the principle of logorrhea. The author shapes the poetic speech as a free associative verbal flow, with numerous neologisms and repetitions, forming strange morphosyntactic constructions, whereby formal inventiveness is accompanied by numerous metalinguistic assumptions.

Princip ili Ferdinand? Mori Ogai o početku Prvog svetskog rata

Mateja Matić — 2024-12-24

The goal of this paper is to show a new interpretation of the poem “One Man” by the Japanese writer Mori Ogai (1862-1922), which concerns Gavrilo Princip’s assassination of Franz Ferdinand and the beginning of World War 1. This poem has been interpreted as Ogai criticizing Princip’s actions. However, by analyzing Ogai’s allusions more closely, we concluded that Ogai is not criticizing Princip, but Franz Ferdinand. This paper makes the case that the poem “One Man” is to be interpreted within the framework of Ogai’s “distancing from Europe” in his literary work, and that the distancing in question happened precisely as a result of World War 1. At the same time, this paper shows the importance of studying Ogai’s work in Classical Chinese, which has been almost neglected thus far, and indicates that this body of work is capable of giving us new information where Ogai’s writings in vernacular Japanese do not.

The Mannequin as an Active Agent: Decentered Subjectivity in Ian McEwan’s “Dead as They Come”

Mahdi Safari Monfared — 2024-12-24

Ian McEwan’s “Dead as They Come” portrays an immaculate picture of an active and defiant object, decentering the subject from the center, thus paving the way for the dismantlement of anthropocentrism. While the short story has been examined through a subject-oriented lens, the object-oriented aspects thereof have not received much critical attention. Therefore, resorting to Object Oriented Ontology terminology, the current study will attempt to analyze the subversive and recalcitrant nature of the mannequin, defying the anthropocentric rule and reality. Graham Harman and Bill Brown’s OOO theories will form the underpinning theoretical framework of this article. It will be contended that anthropocentric dominance gets gradually chipped as the most pivotal tools at the disposal of Anthropos, namely language and name-giving, fail to assist him in controlling and possessing the nonhuman. The ultimate fatal blow is delivered to him when he loses his rationality and reasoning faculty, thus falling from subjectivity into the abyss of madness and insanity, which marks the complete annihilation of anthropocentrism.

La réception des romans d’Elsa Triolet dans l’hebdomadaire Les Lettres françaises (1957-1968)

Velimir Mladenović — 2024-12-24

The aim of this paper is to analyze the reception of Elsa Triolet’s novels in the French weekly Les Lettres françaises. We analyze and examine the critical texts and interviews of the author regarding her novel Le Monument (1957), followed by the texts referring to her novel cycle L’Âge de nylon: Roses à crédit (1959), Luna-Park (1959), L’Âme (1962). First, we focus on the articles on the novel Les Manigances (1961), published outside this cycle, continuing with the articles on the two novels that belong to the same cycle, Le Grand-Jamais (1965) and Écoutez-voir (1968). Our research shows a keen interest of Les Lettres françaises in Elsa Triolet’s novels. Literary critics of the time saw great potential, diversity and richness of themes in Triolet’s texts. From the analyzed texts, we observed that this writer’s novels were positively received, with critics utilizing a variety of techniques to introduce the author’s oeuvre to a wider audience.

Robert Lecker (ed.), Do You Want to Be Happy and Write?: Critical Essays on Michael Ondaatje. Quebec: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2023, pp. 488.

Jelena Kojić — 2024-12-24

A Word from the Editors

Biljana Čubrović — 2024-12-24

Desinonimizacija kroz prizmu korpusne i vektorske analize kontekstualnih preferenci leksema kompjuter i računar

Matija Nešović — 2024-12-24

In this paper, we discuss the meanings of the Serbian words kompjuter and računar (‘computer’) in terms of their semantic proximity. Using web corpus data, as well as word2vec method for measuring the cosine similarity between their vector representations (based on their contextual preferences), we conclude that, contrary to popular belief, these words should not be considered absolute synonyms. Specifically, we propose that the loanword kompjuter has a narrower sense (‘PC’, ‘desktop computer’), whereas its loan-translation counterpart računar carries a broader meaning (‘any larger computational device’). This conclusion is based on the fact that the two lexemes in question do not share distributional patterns: while kompjuter is typically used as a syntactically free expression, računar is often preceded by various attributes that specify the meaning of the entire nominal phrase (e.g. laptop računar, tablet računar, iPad računar). Consequently, these words are not always contextually interchangeable. Additionally, we propose that computational resources should be utilized when addressing various practical and theoretical linguistic problems.

Minorities in the Digital Space: Vojvodina Hungarians’ Digital Presence, Language Choices, and Language Use Online

Adrianna Kostic — 2024-12-24

The present study explores the digital media practices and language use tendencies of the Vojvodina Hungarian minority, shedding light on their participation in digital spaces, language preferences, and factors influencing their language choices both online and offline. Through a series of research questions, the study aims to identify the extent of the Vojvodina Hungarians’ digital involvement and engagement, how they use their languages in online and offline settings, and the roles digital spaces have for them as a minority. The findings revealed that although Vojvodina Hungarians regularly consume digital media and a variety of internet content in Hungarian, Serbian, and English, they are not overly active in online content creation. While Hungarian remains dominant in face-to-face communication, English slightly outweighs Hungarian in online content consumption. Additionally, younger participants displayed a stronger digital presence and are more inclined towards multilingual language mixing. Despite challenges, participants express support for multilingualism and recognize its advantages in navigating personal and professional contexts.

An Ecolinguistic Approach to the Framing of King Charles III’s Climate Change-Related Activities by the Leading American and British Media

Oleksandr Kapranov — 2024-12-24

Building upon an ecolinguistic approach to climate change (Norton/Hulme 2019), the article presents a study that seeks to identify and analyse the way mainstream American and British mass media frame climate change-related activities by King Charles III, the current reigning British monarch, who is known for his active stance on the issue of climate change. In addition to the ecolinguistic framework, the methodology in the study was based upon the construal of framing in media discourse. The study sought to (i) identify the media frames in American and British media coverages of King Charles III’s climate change-related activities and (ii) discuss the frames through the lens of an ecolinguistic approach postulated by Norton and Hulme (2019). The study established that the leading American and British mass media framed King Charles III’s climate change-related activities via a similar set of frames, such (i) An Advocate for Climate Change Mitigation, (ii) A Challenge to Be Neutral on Climate Change, (iii) A Climate Change-Related Action, (iv) Money to Tackle Climate Change, (v) Renewable Energy, and (vi) Sustainability. The findings were further interpreted in the article through the prism of Norton and Hulme's (2019) ecolinguistic approach.

Impressum

Biljana Čubrović — 2024-12-24

Priručnici inostranih univerziteta i zavoda u nastavi srpskog kao stranog jezika nakon Drugog svetskog rata

Aleksandar Novaković — 2024-12-24

This paper analyzes the digital holdings of foreign libraries to identify various manuals published after the Second World War. The goal is to create a comprehensive register of manuals that have not yet been included in bibliographies, while also examining their role and significance in the teaching of Serbian as a foreign language during that period. The study employs the method of theoretical analysis, combined with content analysis techniques. The research results show that the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s were the most productive decades in terms of creating and publishing instructional materials. In addition to textbooks and grammars, which represent the core components of instructional materials, particular attention was given to the publication of various types of manual dictionaries – pictorial dictionaries, conversational language dictionaries, and dictionaries of the most common words and phrases – all of which were distinguished by their specific didactic-methodical design. These manuals were primarily published by Western European and American universities, institutes, and schools for the purpose of teaching Serbo-Croatian as a foreign language. However, there were also manuals intended for travelers in Serbian regions who sought to communicate with the local Serbian-speaking population.

Using a Bilingual (English-French) Teaching Method to Aid L3 French Vocabulary Learning

Andrea Burai — 2024-12-24

Bilingual individuals possess greater experience, strategies, and linguistic awareness compared to their monolingual peers (Cenoz/Ulrike 2000). Despite this advantage, these capabilities often remain underutilized in educational settings. To address this gap, a bilingual teaching material was developed, specifically targeting French vocabulary. The material encouraged students to actively compare English and French, allowing them to draw on the similarities and differences between the two languages. This comparative approach not only enhanced their understanding of French but also reinforced their knowledge of English. The effectiveness of this approach was evaluated through posttests. Participants were assessed after one month of instruction and again after three months to evaluate the immediate results and the long(er)-term retention of the vocabulary they had learned. The findings were clear: the experimental group, which used the bilingual teaching material, demonstrated significantly better retention and acquisition of L3 (third language) vocabulary compared to the control group. This was true both immediately after the instruction and over the longer term, suggesting that incorporating bilingual strategies into teaching can lead to more effective language learning outcomes. By leveraging the inherent advantages that bilinguals have, educational systems can better support language acquisition, benefiting students both in their immediate studies and in their broader linguistic development.

Factors Influencing Method Choices of EFL Teachers in Mauritania: A Reflective Perspective

Ould Ehine H'Meide — 2024-12-24

This paper was designed to investigate the factors influencing the choice of teaching methods of foreign EFL teachers in Mauritania. The focus of this study is on English teachers whose native language or second language is English and who have taught or are currently teaching EFL in Mauritania. The main objectives of this study are to identify the factors that influence their choice of teaching methods and to investigate the influence of their pre-service and in-service teacher training, teacher reflection, country of origin, and teacher qualifications. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews, which were analyzed using a qualitative method focusing on thematic analysis for data interpretation. The findings of this study revealed that several factors significantly influence the choice of teaching methods. These factors can be classified into the following categories: (1) factors related to the students, (2) classroom environment, (3) factors related to the lesson, (5) factors related to the teacher and their reflective teaching and, (6) other factors, which include (a) culture (b) linguistic diversity, (c) working conditions, and (d) administration’s expectations.

Uvodna reč

Biljana Čubrović — 2024-12-24